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Changes between Version 2 and Version 3 of Trac Standalone

Timestamp:: Jun 21, 2015, 12:16:11 PM (9 years ago)
Author:: trac
Comment:: --

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Trac Standalone

-              v2
+              v3
  * Fewer features: Tracd implements a very simple web-server and is not as configurable or as scalable as Apache httpd.
  * No native HTTPS support: [http://www.rickk.com/sslwrap/ sslwrap] can be used instead,
    or [http://trac.edgewall.org/wiki/STunnelTracd stunnel -- a tutorial on how to use stunnel with tracd] or Apache with mod_proxy.
+   or [trac:wiki:STunnelTracd stunnel -- a tutorial on how to use stunnel with tracd] or Apache with mod_proxy.
 == Usage examples ==
 …
  $ tracd -p 8080 /path/to/project
 }}}
 Stricly speaking this will make your Trac accessible to everybody from your network rather than ''localhost only''. To truly limit it use ''--hostname'' option.
+Strictly speaking this will make your Trac accessible to everybody from your network rather than ''localhost only''. To truly limit it use ''--hostname'' option.
 {{{
  $ tracd --hostname=localhost -p 8080 /path/to/project
 …
 The spacing here is important.
+{{{#!div
+Once the service is installed, it might be simpler to run the Registry Editor rather than use the `reg add` command documented above.  Navigate to:[[BR]]
+`HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\tracd\Parameters`
+Three (string) parameters are provided:
+||!AppDirectory ||C:\Python26\ ||
+||Application ||python.exe ||
+||!AppParameters ||scripts\tracd-script.py -p 8080 ... ||
+Note that, if the !AppDirectory is set as above, the paths of the executable ''and'' of the script name and parameter values are relative to the directory.  This makes updating Python a little simpler because the change can be limited, here, to a single point.
+(This is true for the path to the .htpasswd file, as well, despite the documentation calling out the /full/path/to/htpasswd; however, you may not wish to store that file under the Python directory.)
+}}}
 For Windows 7 User, srvany.exe may not be an option, so you can use [http://www.google.com/search?q=winserv.exe WINSERV] utility and run:
 {{{
 …
 Use [http://trac-hacks.org/wiki/WindowsServiceScript WindowsServiceScript], available at [http://trac-hacks.org/ Trac Hacks]. Installs, removes, starts, stops, etc. your Trac service.
+=== Option 3 ===
+also cygwin's cygrunsrv.exe can be used:
+{{{
+$ cygrunsrv --install tracd --path /cygdrive/c/Python27/Scripts/tracd.exe --args '--port 8000 --env-parent-dir E:\IssueTrackers\Trac\Projects'
+$ net start tracd
+}}}
 == Using Authentication ==
+Using tracd with Apache .htpasswd files:
+To create a .htpasswd file using htpasswd:
+{{{
+ $ htpasswd -c /path/to/env/.htpasswd username
+}}}
+then for additional users:
+{{{
+ $ htpasswd /path/to/env/.htpasswd username2
+}}}
+then for starting the tracd (on windows skip the "=" after --basic-auth):
+{{{
+tracd -p 8080 --basic-auth=environmentname,/fullpath/environmentname/.htpasswd,/fullpath/environmentname /fullpath/environmentname
+}}}
+ `environmentname` is the directory name of the Trac project folder, as opposed to `/fullpath/environmentname` which is the full path to the Trac project folder. See below for another example.
+Tracd provides support for both Basic and Digest authentication. The default is to use Digest; to use Basic authentication, replace `--auth` with `--basic-auth` in the examples below. (You must still specify a dialogic "realm", which can be an empty string by trailing the BASICAUTH with a comma.)
+  ''Support for Basic authentication was added in version 0.9.''
+The general format for using authentication is (replace `--auth` with `--basic-auth` if you want to use Basic auth):
+Tracd allows you to run Trac without the need for Apache, but you can take advantage of Apache's password tools (htpasswd and htdigest) to easily create a password file in the proper format for tracd to use in authentication. (It is also possible to create the password file without htpasswd or htdigest; see below for alternatives)
+Make sure you place the generated password files on a filesystem which supports sub-second timestamps, as Trac will monitor their modified time and changes happening on a filesystem with too coarse-grained timestamp resolution (like `ext2` or `ext3` on Linux) may go undetected.
+Tracd provides support for both Basic and Digest authentication. Digest is considered more secure. The examples below use Digest; to use Basic authentication, replace `--auth` with `--basic-auth` in the command line.
+The general format for using authentication is:
 {{{
  $ tracd -p port --auth="base_project_dir,password_file_path,realm" project_path
 }}}
 where:
  * '''base_project_dir''': the base directory of the project specified as follows:
    * when serving multiple projects: ''relative'' to the `project_path`
 …
  * '''project_path''': path of the project
+ * **`--auth`** in the above means use Digest authentication, replace `--auth` with `--basic-auth` if you want to use Basic auth.  Although Basic authentication does not require a "realm", the command parser does, so the second comma is required, followed directly by the closing quote for an empty realm name.
 Examples:
 …
 }}}
 === Using a htpasswd password file ===
+=== Basic Authorization: Using a htpasswd password file ===
 This section describes how to use `tracd` with Apache .htpasswd files.
+  Note: It is necessary (at least with Python 2.6) to install the fcrypt package in order to
+  decode some htpasswd formats.  Trac source code attempt an `import crypt` first, but there
+  is no such package for Python 2.6. Only `SHA-1` passwords (since Trac 1.0) work without this module.
 To create a .htpasswd file use Apache's `htpasswd` command (see [#GeneratingPasswordsWithoutApache below] for a method to create these files without using Apache):
 {{{
  $ sudo htpasswd -c /path/to/env/.htpasswd username
 …
 Then to start `tracd` run something like this:
 {{{
  $ tracd -p 8080 --basic-auth="projectdirname,/fullpath/environmentname/.htpasswd,realmname" /fullpath/environmentname
 …
 For example:
 {{{
  $ tracd -p 8080 --basic-auth="testenv,/srv/tracenv/testenv/.htpasswd,My Test Env" /srv/tracenv/testenv
 }}}
 ''Note:'' You might need to pass "-m" as a parameter to htpasswd on some platforms (OpenBSD).
 === Using a htdigest password file ===
+=== Digest authentication: Using a htdigest password file ===
 If you have Apache available, you can use the htdigest command to generate the password file. Type 'htdigest' to get some usage instructions, or read [http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.0/programs/htdigest.html this page] from the Apache manual to get precise instructions.  You'll be prompted for a password to enter for each user that you create.  For the name of the password file, you can use whatever you like, but if you use something like `users.htdigest` it will remind you what the file contains. As a suggestion, put it in your <projectname>/conf folder along with the [TracIni trac.ini] file.
 Note that you can start tracd without the --auth argument, but if you click on the ''Login'' link you will get an error.
+Note that you can start tracd without the `--auth` argument, but if you click on the ''Login'' link you will get an error.
 === Generating Passwords Without Apache ===
+If you don't have Apache available, you can use this simple Python script to generate your passwords:
+Basic Authorization can be accomplished via this [http://aspirine.org/htpasswd_en.html online HTTP Password generator] which also supports `SHA-1`.  Copy the generated password-hash line to the .htpasswd file on your system. Note that Windows Python lacks the "crypt" module that is the default hash type for htpasswd ; Windows Python can grok MD5 password hashes just fine and you should use MD5.
+You can use this simple Python script to generate a '''digest''' password file:
 {{{
 …
 }}}
 Note: If you use the above script you must use the --auth option to tracd, not --basic-auth, and you must set the realm in the --auth value to 'trac' (without the quotes). Example usage (assuming you saved the script as trac-digest.py):
+Note: If you use the above script you must set the realm in the `--auth` argument to '''`trac`'''. Example usage (assuming you saved the script as trac-digest.py):
 {{{
 …
 }}}
+Note: If you would like to use --basic-auth you need to use htpasswd tool from apache server to generate .htpasswd file. The remaining part is similar but make sure to use empty realm (i.e. coma after path). Make sure to use -m option for it.  If you do not have Apache, [trac:source:/tags/trac-0.11/contrib/htpasswd.py htpasswd.py] may help.  (Note that it requires a `crypt` or `fcrypt` module; see the source comments for details.)
+It is possible to use md5sum utility to generate digest-password file using such method:
+{{{
+ $ printf "${user}:trac:${password}" | md5sum - >>user.htdigest
+}}}
+and manually delete " -" from the end and add "${user}:trac:" to the start of line from 'to-file'.
+==== Using `md5sum`
+It is possible to use `md5sum` utility to generate digest-password file:
+{{{
+user=
+realm=
+password=
+path_to_file=
+echo ${user}:${realm}:$(printf "${user}:${realm}:${password}" | md5sum - | sed -e 's/\s\+-//') > ${path_to_file}
+}}}
+== Reference ==
+Here's the online help, as a reminder (`tracd --help`):
+{{{
+Usage: tracd [options] [projenv] ...
+Options:
+  --version             show program's version number and exit
+  -h, --help            show this help message and exit
+  -a DIGESTAUTH, --auth=DIGESTAUTH
+                        [projectdir],[htdigest_file],[realm]
+  --basic-auth=BASICAUTH
+                        [projectdir],[htpasswd_file],[realm]
+  -p PORT, --port=PORT  the port number to bind to
+  -b HOSTNAME, --hostname=HOSTNAME
+                        the host name or IP address to bind to
+  --protocol=PROTOCOL   http|scgi|ajp|fcgi
+  -q, --unquote         unquote PATH_INFO (may be needed when using ajp)
+  --http10              use HTTP/1.0 protocol version instead of HTTP/1.1
+  --http11              use HTTP/1.1 protocol version (default)
+  -e PARENTDIR, --env-parent-dir=PARENTDIR
+                        parent directory of the project environments
+  --base-path=BASE_PATH
+                        the initial portion of the request URL's "path"
+  -r, --auto-reload     restart automatically when sources are modified
+  -s, --single-env      only serve a single project without the project list
+  -d, --daemonize       run in the background as a daemon
+  --pidfile=PIDFILE     when daemonizing, file to which to write pid
+  --umask=MASK          when daemonizing, file mode creation mask to use, in
+                        octal notation (default 022)
+  --group=GROUP         the group to run as
+  --user=USER           the user to run as
+}}}
+Use the -d option so that tracd doesn't hang if you close the terminal window where tracd was started.
 == Tips ==
 …
  ''Support for `htdocs:` TracLinks syntax was added in version 0.10''
+=== Using apache rewrite rules ===
+In some situations when you choose to use tracd behind apache, you might experience issues with redirects, like being redirected to URLs with the wrong host or protocol. In this case (and only in this case), setting the `[trac] use_base_url_for_redirect` to `true` can help, as this will force Trac to use the value of `[trac] base_url` for doing the redirects.
+=== Using tracd behind a proxy
+In some situations when you choose to use tracd behind Apache or another web server.
+In this situation, you might experience issues with redirects, like being redirected to URLs with the wrong host or protocol. In this case (and only in this case), setting the `[trac] use_base_url_for_redirect` to `true` can help, as this will force Trac to use the value of `[trac] base_url` for doing the redirects.
+If you're using the AJP protocol to connect with `tracd` (which is possible if you have flup installed), then you might experience problems with double quoting. Consider adding the `--unquote` parameter.
+See also [trac:TracOnWindowsIisAjp], [trac:TracNginxRecipe].
+=== Authentication for tracd behind a proxy
+It is convenient to provide central external authentication to your tracd instances, instead of using {{{--basic-auth}}}. There is some discussion about this in #9206.
+Below is example configuration based on Apache 2.2, mod_proxy, mod_authnz_ldap.
+First we bring tracd into Apache's location namespace.
+{{{
+<Location /project/proxified>
+        Require ldap-group cn=somegroup, ou=Groups,dc=domain.com
+        Require ldap-user somespecificusertoo
+        ProxyPass http://localhost:8101/project/proxified/
+        # Turns out we don't really need complicated RewriteRules here at all
+        RequestHeader set REMOTE_USER %{REMOTE_USER}s
+</Location>
+}}}
+Then we need a single file plugin to recognize HTTP_REMOTE_USER header as valid authentication source. HTTP headers like '''HTTP_FOO_BAR''' will get converted to '''Foo-Bar''' during processing. Name it something like '''remote-user-auth.py''' and drop it into '''proxified/plugins''' directory:
+{{{
+#!python
+from trac.core import *
+from trac.config import BoolOption
+from trac.web.api import IAuthenticator
+class MyRemoteUserAuthenticator(Component):
+    implements(IAuthenticator)
+    obey_remote_user_header = BoolOption('trac', 'obey_remote_user_header', 'false',
+               """Whether the 'Remote-User:' HTTP header is to be trusted for user logins
+                (''since ??.??').""")
+    def authenticate(self, req):
+        if self.obey_remote_user_header and req.get_header('Remote-User'):
+            return req.get_header('Remote-User')
+        return None
+}}}
+Add this new parameter to your TracIni:
+{{{
+...
+[trac]
+...
+obey_remote_user_header = true
+...
+}}}
+Run tracd:
+{{{
+tracd -p 8101 -r -s proxified --base-path=/project/proxified
+}}}
+Note that if you want to install this plugin for all projects, you have to put it in your [TracPlugins#Plugindiscovery global plugins_dir] and enable it in your global trac.ini.
+Global config (e.g. `/srv/trac/conf/trac.ini`):
+{{{
+[components]
+remote-user-auth.* = enabled
+[inherit]
+plugins_dir = /srv/trac/plugins
+[trac]
+obey_remote_user_header = true
+}}}
+Environment config (e.g. `/srv/trac/envs/myenv`):
+{{{
+[inherit]
+file = /srv/trac/conf/trac.ini
+}}}
 === Serving a different base path than / ===
 …
 ----
 See also: TracInstall, TracCgi, TracModPython, TracGuide, [trac:TracOnWindowsStandalone?version=13#RunningTracdasservice Running tracd.exe as a Windows service], [trac:TracOnWindowsIisAjp], [trac:TracNginxRecipe]
+See also: TracInstall, TracCgi, TracModPython, TracGuide, [trac:TracOnWindowsStandalone#RunningTracdasservice Running tracd.exe as a Windows service]